Tools / MEASURE
Replicate precision
Inspect the mean, sample standard deviation, standard error, and coefficient of variation of a numeric series.
Illustrative example
The result
Method & assumptions
At least two observations are needed. CV is only displayed for positive means and is interpretable for ratio-scale measurements. Technical repeats do not count as independent biological samples. SEM is not a measure of individual-value spread.
Sanity check
For 1, 2, 3: mean=2; sample SD=1; SEM≈0.5774; CV=50%.
Mean = Σx/n Sample SD = √[Σ(x−mean)²/(n−1)] SEM = SD/√n; CV = 100×SD/mean
Implementation version 1.0 · 2026-10-15. Deterministic formulas or editorial rules, with no AI model or external service processing your inputs.